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                                                           Image from https://rb.gy/9ly6qn Introduction: Ever wonder what makes your sleek smartphone, your trusty laptop, or that immersive gaming console tick? Well, pull up a chair, because it turns out a seemingly ordinary black rock, called coltan, plays a surprisingly pivotal role. My digging into the history of this mineral took me way back to the 19th century and the heart of the Kingdom of Kongo, now the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The Minerals that constitute coltan were discovered were first discovered in the 19th century, though, at the time, its significance was not fully realized. Coltan is an ore containing niobium and tantalum. Niobium was discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett, and tantalum was discovered in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg Interestingly, while Europ...

I. Introduction Ever read a powerful speech, a bestselling biography, or a viral blog post and thought,  “Who really wrote this?”  Chances are, a ghostwriter was behind the curtain, pen in hand. In Ghostwriting writers lend their craft to help others sound brilliant—silently. While the ghostwriter does the actual writing, the byline and credit go to the client. From memoirs and biographies to technical manuals and blog posts, many successful people enlist ghostwriters to help translate their ideas and expertise into a polished final product.  It may sound obscure, but ghostwriting is a widely practiced career path in many industries. In this article, we will explore the ins and outs of working as a ghostwriter. We'll examine the different types of projects ghostwriters take on, from book-length manuscripts to shorter content. We'll outline the typical ghostwriting process, from initial client meetings to final delivery. We will also look at the key skills needed to...

 Chapatti is a staple food in many countries, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and parts of East Africa. It is an unleavened flatbread made from whole wheat flour, water, and salt. The dough is typically rolled into thin circles and then cooked on a hot, dry griddle or skillet. Chapatti is known for its versatility and simplicity. It can be enjoyed as a standalone bread, eaten with vegetable curries or lentil soups, or used to make wraps and sandwiches. Due to its widespread popularity, chapatti has variations in different regions and may be known by other names such as roti or phulka . In Asian countries, chapatti is commonly eaten with various curries or used as a utensil to scoop up food. In parts of East Africa, especially countries like Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, chapatti is a popular street food and is often eaten with dishes like sukuma wiki (collard greens), nyama choma (grilled meat), or on its own with a cup of chai tea. Overall, chapatti is a nourishing flat...

Introduction Phishing is a form of social engineering where attackers attempt to fraudulently obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details by disguising themselves as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. Phishing is commonly carried out by email, telephone calls, text messages, and links to malicious websites. The goal of phishing is to trick users into taking an action, such as clicking on a malicious link or opening a harmful attachment. This may lead to the installation of malware, ransomware, or the theft of personal information, such as back accounts. Phishing relies on deceiving users rather than technically breaching security, which has made it a persistent threat, especially for the elderly and the not-so-tech-servy. Phishing by telephone is known as voice phishing. This article will equip you with a general awareness of phishing tactics. Exercising caution when receiving unsolicited emails, text messages, and phone calls...

Introduction   Click fraud is a growing threat facing digital advertisers today. It involves artificially inflating click counts on advertisements through automated or fraudulent clicks. Real users should ordinarily produce legitimate clicks. This generates illegitimate revenue for bad actors at the expense of advertisers, who are paying for clicks. It undermines the integrity of payment models for advertising. Click fraud tends to impact smaller advertisers and app developers the most. However, pay-per-click giants must also address it to maintain organic search engine traffic to their systems. This article explores: the risks of click fraud, techniques used to commit and detect click fraud how advertisers can best protect themselves from this digital deception through search engine optimization best practices. What is Click Fraud? Click fraud is a type of internet fraud that involves artificially inflating the number of clicks on paid advertising links or apps...

Introduction to Hazardous Chemicals Hazardous Chemicals Should be Banned in all territories An article in the Daily Nation of Sunday, May 28, 2023, noted that hazardous chemicals that are banned in the EU are rampant in Kenya. Among the dangerous chemicals cited was Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide that has serious consequences for the environment. The article stated that 44% of chemicals used in Kenya are banned in the EU, yet they are imported from that region. Belgium (exporter of iprodiones and acetochlorines) and Spain (exporter of dechloropropene) are two major exporters of banned chemicals to Kenya. Many hazardous agricultural chemicals have been banned in the West due to health and environmental risks. Some of these banned pesticides continue to be used around the world, especially in developing countries. This is due to various factors, including a lack of awareness about dangers as well as insufficient regulation and enforcement of existing laws in these nations. In m...

RAM vs. DRAM: What’s the Real Difference? Let’s talk tech—specifically, computer memory. You’ve probably heard the terms RAM and DRAM thrown around like they’re the same thing. And truthfully, most people use them interchangeably. But if you want to understand how your laptop juggles 10 Chrome tabs and a Zoom call without breaking a sweat, it helps to know the difference. This post breaks it down in simple terms: what RAM and DRAM are, why your devices need them, and why your phone slows to a crawl when memory gets tight. What Is RAM? RAM—Random Access Memory—is your computer’s short-term memory. It temporarily stores the data and instructions your CPU needs right now . Think of it as your digital workspace: the bigger the desk, the more tools you can spread out without clutter. When your RAM is full, your system starts panicking. It tries to swap data with your hard drive (slower storage), and that’s when things lag. A spinning cursor. A frozen tab. A mild existential crisis. DRAM: Th...